What is the purpose of a differential in a vehicle?

The purpose of a differential in a vehicle is to allow for differences in wheel speed during a turn. When a vehicle turns, the wheels on the outside of the turn travel a longer distance than the wheels on the inside. The differential enables each wheel to rotate at different speeds, which is essential for maintaining traction and control. This mechanical component effectively manages the distribution of torque between the wheels, ensuring that the vehicle can navigate turns smoothly and safely without skidding or losing grip.

Understanding the role of the differential helps explain the dynamics of turning and the need for independent wheel motion, highlighting its importance in vehicle handling and performance.