What is the function of a camshaft in an engine?

The function of a camshaft in an engine is to open and close the engine's intake and exhaust valves in sync with the crankshaft. This synchronization is critical because it ensures that the engine can effectively take in air and expel exhaust gases at the correct times during the combustion cycle. The camshaft is linked to the crankshaft, and as the crankshaft rotates, it drives the camshaft to move the valves. By using various profiles on its lobes, the camshaft determines how far and how long each valve opens, influencing engine performance, efficiency, and response. Proper valve timing is essential for optimal engine function, supporting both power generation and emissions control.

The other options do not accurately describe the role of the camshaft in an engine. Regulating oil pressure pertains to the oil pump, controlling the transmission system involves components like the transmission control module and various gears, and improving vehicle aerodynamics relates to the design of the vehicle's body rather than the engine components.